Grey zones and resistance: the “weapons of the weak” of bikeboys against algorithmic despotism
João Pedro Perin  1, *@  
1 : Federal University of São Carlos
* : Corresponding author

This proposal is based on one dimension of my master's research, conducted with platformized bikeboys— mostly black and from peripheral neighborhoods— near Praça da República in downtown São Paulo (Brazil). With them, it was possible to carry out ethnographic research (Geertz, 2008). The present study seeks to emphasize these everyday practices, often unconscious of their own resistant nature. In this sense, the objective is to verify and analyze practices and strategies of micro-resistance experienced and constructed by these bikeboys who seek to circumvent the algorithmic control of the delivery app. This study will be part of the panel "The Platform Work Grey Zone: Epistemology and Workers' Resistance North and South."

According to Azaïs and Dieuaide (2020), the rise of platform capitalism digitizes labor relations, replacing traditional contracts with a triangular "worker-platform-client" relationship, dissolving classical subordination and shifting labor law into commercial law. This triangulation generates grey zones and new forms of control. Despite the discourse of autonomy, algorithmic governance imposes invisible management that demands permanent availability and creates digital dependence. Control is exercised through algorithms, ratings, and account blocks, enabling flexible and arbitrary management (Abdelnour & Méda, 2019). The absence of clear rules regarding working hours, pay, and termination criteria is linked to a structural illegibility (Sennett, 2009): norms and dynamics are deliberately opaque, making it difficult to understand working conditions and deepening the vulnerability and subordination of delivery workers to platforms.

However, these control mechanisms do not imply total submission. Workers develop everyday forms of resistance, demonstrating agency in the face of platformization. Forms of resistance range from collective actions—such as "Breques dos Apps" (nationwide strikes organized to demand better conditions)—to cooperatives and self-organized initiatives seeking alternatives to major platforms, as well as veiled everyday resistances, the "weapons of the weak" (Scott, 1985), which involve a whole set of daily micro-resistances without any formal organization, aiming to undermine the effects of workplace domination. These daily strategies, often isolated, are essential both for understanding delivery workers experiences and for revealing the limits of algorithmic control. Although unable to counter the broader trends of labor platformization, these constantly reinvented tactics are relevant in exposing possible limits to "algorithmic despotism" (Griesbach et al., 2019).

Among the observed practices are:

  • Using airplane mode to avoid tracking;
  • Third-party accounts to bypass blocks;
  • Rejection management: refusing three consecutive orders and accepting the fourth to reset rates and avoid suspensions.

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